AR-10 vs AR-15: Differences, Calibers, Best Uses (2026)
The AR-10 and AR-15 are related rifle platforms, but they're different in size, caliber, and purpose. The AR-15 is the smaller, more common platform most commonly chambered in .223/5.56, while the AR-10 is the larger platform most commonly chambered in .308/7.62×51mm. Both platforms are used with other common chamberings—AR-15 often in .300 BLK or 6.5 Grendel; AR-10 pattern often in 6.5 Creedmoor, among others.
This guide explains the differences between AR-10 and AR-15, their calibers, parts compatibility, and best uses. Whether you're choosing between platforms or curious about the differences, understanding these factors will help you make an informed decision.
People often ask about AR-10 vs AR-15 because they look similar but serve different purposes. Understanding their differences helps you choose the right platform for your needs. For related comparisons, see our .308 vs 5.56 guideand .308 vs 6.5 Creedmoor guide.
Key Differences
| Feature | AR-15 | AR-10 |
|---|---|---|
| Common Chamberings | Most commonly .223/5.56 NATO (also .300 BLK, 6.5 Grendel, etc.) | Most commonly .308/7.62×51mm (also 6.5 Creedmoor, etc.) |
| Size | Smaller, lighter | Larger, heavier |
| Weight | ~6-7 lbs (typical) | ~8-10 lbs (typical) |
| Parts Compatibility | Largely standardized (mil-spec), with some exceptions | Not standardized (DPMS/LR-308 vs ArmaLite patterns) |
| Ammo Cost | Lower | Higher |
Parts Compatibility
AR-15 parts are largely standardized (mil-spec), with some exceptions—buffer systems, handguards, and some receiver/rail variations can differ. AR-10 parts are not standardized—the common incompatibility split is between DPMS/LR-308 pattern and ArmaLite pattern, which are not compatible with each other. This makes AR-15 builds easier and AR-10 builds more complex. For more information on AR-10 compatibility, see our Aero Precision M5 guide.
Best Uses
AR-15
- • General-purpose/defensive use
- • Varmint hunting
- • High-volume shooting
- • Applications requiring low recoil
- • Budget-friendly builds
AR-10
- • Big game hunting
- • Precision/long-range shooting
- • Applications requiring .308 power
- • Extended range shooting
AR-10 vs AR-15 FAQ
Are AR-10 and AR-15 parts compatible?
No, AR-10 and AR-15 parts are not compatible. They're different sizes and designed for different calibers. Some small parts may be compatible, but receivers, barrels, bolts, and most components are not interchangeable.
Which is better for hunting?
The AR-10 is better for big game hunting due to .308 power. The AR-15 is suitable for varmint hunting. Choose based on your intended game and local regulations.
Which is cheaper to build?
The AR-15 is generally cheaper to build due to standardized parts, wider availability, and lower component costs. AR-10 builds are typically more expensive and more complex due to pattern compatibility issues.
Bottom Line
The AR-15 and AR-10 are related but different platforms. The AR-15 is smaller, lighter, and most commonly chambered in .223/5.56 (though other chamberings like .300 BLK and 6.5 Grendel are popular), while the AR-10 is larger, heavier, and most commonly chambered in .308/7.62×51mm (with 6.5 Creedmoor also being common).
Choose AR-15 for general-purpose use, varmint hunting, and budget-friendly builds. Choose AR-10 for big game hunting, precision shooting, and applications requiring .308 power. Both are excellent platforms for their intended purposes.